Beyin damarlar\u0131n\u0131n bir\u00e7ok nedene ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak daralmas\u0131, t\u0131kanmas\u0131 yahut y\u0131rt\u0131larak kan\u0131n damar d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 sonucu olu\u015fan serebrovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131klar hayat m\u00fcddetini k\u0131saltabiliyor. H<\/span>alk ortas\u0131nda \u2018inme\u2019 ya da \u2018fel\u00e7\u2019 olarak bilinen serebrovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131klar, d\u00fcnyada vefat nedenleri ortas\u0131nda 3. s\u0131rada yer al\u0131yor. \u00d6m\u00fcr kalitesini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren bu probleme kimi hastal\u0131klar neden olabiliyor. Memorial Kayseri Hastanesi N\u00f6roloji B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nden Prof. Dr. Nergiz H\u00fcseyino\u011flu, serebrovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131klar ve nedenleri ile ilgili bilgi verdi. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130nme ya da fel\u00e7 olarak biliniyor<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Beyin damarlar\u0131nda kan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n zay\u0131flamas\u0131 yahut b\u00fcsb\u00fct\u00fcn durmas\u0131 ya da beyin damarlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131rt\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucu geli\u015fen kanama nedeniyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan hastal\u0131klar\u0131n tamam\u0131 serebrovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131klar (SVH) yani beyin damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. Halk ortas\u0131nda genelde \u2018inme\u2019 ya da \u2018fel\u00e7\u2019 olarak bilinen serebrovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131klar nedeniyle d\u00fcnyada ve \u00fclkemizde vefat oranlar\u0131 y\u00fcksektir. D\u00fcnyada vefat nedenleri ortas\u0131nda serebrovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131klar 3. s\u0131rada yer al\u0131rken, bu hastal\u0131k sonras\u0131nda engelli kalma oran\u0131 d\u00fcnyada 1. s\u0131radad\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ya\u015fam stilinin tesiri y\u00fcksek<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n nedenleri ortas\u0131nda genetik fakt\u00f6rleri kadar hayat \u00fcslubunun tesirli oldu\u011fu da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Dura\u011fan bir hayat \u00fcslubu, sigara ve alkol kullan\u0131m\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir risk fakt\u00f6rleri ortas\u0131nda yer al\u0131rken; ya\u015f, cinsiyet ve genetik fakt\u00f6rler de\u011fi\u015ftirilemeyen risk fakt\u00f6rleridir. Cinsiyet a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde erkeklerde bayanlara oranla daha fazla g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u0130leri ya\u015flarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan serebrovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131klarda ise daha \u00f6nemli tablolarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

SVH\u2019a bu s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar neden olabiliyor<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Serebrovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131klar\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131na neden olabilecek bir\u00e7ok fakt\u00f6r mevcuttur. Bunlar\u0131n bir\u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir iken, kimileri (ya\u015f, \u0131rk yahut genetik) de\u011fi\u015ftirilememektedir. <\/span><\/p>\n

\n
• Hipertansiyon, serebrovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131klar\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131nda direkt tesirlidir. Denetim alt\u0131na al\u0131namayan y\u00fcksek tansiyon (hipertansiyon) beyin damarlar\u0131nda plak olu\u015fumuna, daralmalara ve t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131klara neden olmaktad\u0131r. Hipertansiyon ila\u00e7larla denetim alt\u0131na al\u0131nabilmektedir. <\/span><\/li>\n
• Hiperlipidemi, kan ya\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksekli\u011fi (kolesterol ve trigliserid) serebrovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131nda tesirli bir fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr. Kan ya\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksekli\u011fi, etkin bir hayat ve hayat uzunlu\u011fu yap\u0131lacak diyet ile sorun olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131yeten sorun haline geldiyse ila\u00e7larla da tedavi edilebilmektedir. <\/span><\/li>\n
• Diabetes mellitus, yani \u015feker hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, kan\u0131n p\u0131ht\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131na neden olarak beyin damarlar\u0131ndaki yap\u0131y\u0131 bozmaktad\u0131r. Olu\u015fmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 hayat usul\u00fc, diyabet ila\u00e7lar\u0131 ve hayat uzunlu\u011fu diyet k\u0131ymetlidir. <\/span><\/li>\n
• Sigara i\u00e7icili\u011fi, serebrovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131\u011fa taban haz\u0131rlayan de\u011ferli etkendir. Damar duvar\u0131na olumsuz tesir yaparak, damarlar\u0131n b\u00fcz\u00fclmesine, damar i\u00e7inde plak birikimine ve hasebiyle inmeye yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. <\/span><\/li>\n
• Kalp hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ortas\u0131nda yer alan kalp kapak hastal\u0131klar\u0131, ritim bozuklu\u011fu, kalp yetmezli\u011fi ile p\u0131ht\u0131 olu\u015fumu ve emboliyle seyreden problemler serebrovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n nedenleri ortas\u0131ndad\u0131r. <\/span><\/li>\n
• Uyku apnesi, uykuda \u00fcst hava yollar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, horlama ve g\u00fcnd\u00fcz \u00e7ok uyku hali ile seyreden bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Son y\u0131llarda yap\u0131lan bilimsel yay\u0131nlarda, uyku apnesinin serebrovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nde gelen risk fakt\u00f6r\u00fc oldu\u011fu ortaya konulmu\u015ftur. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

  Tedavisi altta yatan hastal\u0131\u011fa nazaran planlanmal\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

  Serebrovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n medikal (konservatif- ila\u00e7larla), giri\u015fimsel ve cerrahi tedavisi mevcuttur. Tedavi se\u00e7eneklerine inmenin \u00e7e\u015fidine, hastan\u0131n ya\u015f\u0131na, hastaneye m\u00fcracaat saatine, altta yatan di\u011fer hastal\u0131klar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na nazaran karar verilir. Damar t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile seyreden serebrovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131klarda kan ak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131ran, kan p\u0131ht\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 azaltan ila\u00e7lara yan\u0131 s\u0131ra beyin \u00f6demini azaltan, hastan\u0131n kan bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 ve \u015fekerini d\u00fczenleyen ve kolesterol\u00fcn\u00fc azaltan ila\u00e7lar uygulan\u0131r. Birtak\u0131m durumlarda, inmeye e\u015flik eden epileptik n\u00f6betler olabilmektedir. Bu durumda hastan\u0131n tedavisine antiepileptik ila\u00e7lar eklenir. <\/span><\/p>\n

  Damar t\u0131kan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 inme ge\u00e7iren hastalar, hastaneye s\u00fcratli ba\u015fvurduklar\u0131 s\u00fcrece hastan\u0131n altta yatan hastal\u0131klar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan uygun \u015fartlar sa\u011flan\u0131rsa trombolitik denilen ila\u00e7larla p\u0131ht\u0131y\u0131 eritme tedavisi uygulanabilir. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hastalara mekanik yollarla (yani uygun cihazlarla) p\u0131ht\u0131y\u0131 damar yolundan \u00e7\u0131karma operasyonu yap\u0131labilir. Beyin kanamas\u0131 ge\u00e7iren hastalarda beyin \u015fi\u015fmesini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in ila\u00e7 tedavisi, kanamay\u0131 bo\u015faltmak i\u00e7in ise beyin cerrahisi taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan operasyon uygulanabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

  Kaynak: (BHA) – Beyaz Haber Ajans\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Beyin damarlar\u0131n\u0131n bir\u00e7ok nedene ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak daralmas\u0131, t\u0131kanmas\u0131 yahut y\u0131rt\u0131larak kan\u0131n damar d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 sonucu olu\u015fan serebrovask\u00fcler …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3750,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n